sábado, 27 de junho de 2015

Explaining the origin of the triplet code, its translation, and the machinery to make proteins

In order to explain the origin of manufacturing of proteins, the origin of the hardware, that is the inumerous enzymes and proteins, specially the enormously complex  RNA polymerases, transcription factors , repair enzymes, ribosome, as well as the DNA double helix and mRNA's, amino acids  involved must be explained, but specially and also  the origin of the code itself, and how the tranlation of the triplet anti codon to amino acids, and its assignment, arised. There is no physical affinity between the anti codon and the amino acids. What must be explained, is the arrangement of the codons in the standard codon table which is highly non-random, redundant and optimal, and serves to translate the information into the amino acid sequence to make proteins,  the origin of the assignment of the 64 triplet codons to the 20 amino acids. That is, the origin of its translation. The origin of a alphabet through the triplet codons is one thing, but on top, it has to be translated to a other " alphabet " constituted through the 20 amino acid sequence. That is as to explain the origin of capability to translate the english language into chinese. We have to constitute the english and chinese language and symbols first, in order to know its equivalence. That is a mental process.

On top of that, the machinery itself to promote the process  has also to be explained, that is the hardware. When humans translate english to chinese, we recognise the english word, and the translator knows the equivalent chinese symbol and writes it down to form the sentence. In the cell, Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase , special enzymes, of which each one is assigned to a specific amino acid, recognise the triplet anticodon of the tRNA, and attach the equivalent amino acid to the tRNA, which afterwards bondis it to the next amino acid.  How could random chemical reactions produced this recognition ? Some theories try to explain the mechanism, but they all remain unsatisfactory. Obviously. Furthermore, Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase are complex enzymes. For what reason would they arise, if the final function could only be employd after the whole translation process would be set in place, with a fully functional ribosome being able to do its job? Remembering the catch22 situation, since they are by themself made through the very own process in question ? Why is it not rational to conclude that the code itself, the software, as well as the hardware, are best explained through the creative act  of a highly intelligent creator, rather than random chemical affinities and reactions ?  Question: what good would the ribosome be for without tRNA's ? without amino acids, which are the product of enormously complex chemical processes and pathways ?

 What good would the machinery be good for, if the code was not established, and neither the assignment of each codon to the respective amino acid ? had the software and the hardware not have to be in place at the same time? Were all the parts not only fully functional if fully developed, interlocked, set-up, and tuned to do its job with precision, far better and more advanced than  a human made motor ? And even it lets say, the whole thing was fully working and in place, what good would it be for without all the other parts required, that is, the DNA double helix, its compactation through histones and chromatins and chromosomes, its highly complex mechanism of information extraction and transcription into mRNA? Had the whole process , that is INITIATION OF TRANSCRIPTION, CAPPING, ELONGATION, SPLICING, CLEAVAGE,POLYADENYLATION AND TERMINATION, EXPORT FROM THE NUCLEUS TO THE CYTOSOL, INITIATION OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS (TRANSLATION), COMPLETION OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND PROTEIN FOLDING, and its respective machinery not have to be all in place ? Does that not constitute a interdependent, and irreducible complex system ?

 http://elshamah.heavenforum.org/t2057-origin-of-translation-of-the-4-nucleic-acid-bases-and-the-20-amino-acids-and-the-universal-assignment-of-codons-to-amino-acids

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